Heat treatment
In order to achieve specific attributes, metal undergoes additional processing, with a key focus on the implementation of heat treatment.
Definition
Heat treatment is a process applied to metal to modify its properties, such as strength, flexibility, or hardness. It can be performed before rolling as an intermediate step or as a final process to achieve the desired characteristics in the finished product.
Varieties
Several heat treatment methods are available, including Hardening, Tempering, Annealing, Cementation, Nitriding, and Aging. Each method targets specific property adjustments to suit various applications.
Distinctive Features
The most common methods—Hardening, Tempering, and Annealing—offer unique benefits. Hardening increases hardness but reduces ductility by heating metal past its critical temperature and cooling it rapidly. Tempering follows hardening to reduce brittleness, heating metal to 150–650°C and cooling it slowly. Annealing softens metal for better machinability, relieving stresses through controlled heating and gradual cooling.
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